Comprehensive Overview of Chevy Spark Error Code 59
Encountering code 59 on your Chevrolet Spark can be concerning, but understanding its root causes and solutions can help you address the issue effectively. This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) specifically indicates a problem within the transmission fluid temperature sensor circuit. The Engine Control Module (ECM) relies on this sensor to monitor the temperature of the transmission fluid, ensuring optimal shifting and transmission performance.
When the sensor detects abnormal conditions, such as high voltage signals or open circuits, it triggers code 59, alerting the driver to potential transmission issues. Recognizing the significance of this code and knowing how to troubleshoot it is essential to prevent further damage and costly repairs.
Detailed Explanation of Chevrolet Spark Code 59
Code 59 on the Chevrolet Spark signifies a malfunction in the transmission fluid temperature sensor circuit. The ECM continuously monitors the sensor’s data to adjust transmission operations accordingly. Under normal circumstances, the sensor’s resistance varies with temperature: high resistance when cold and lower resistance when hot. The sensor’s voltage output fluctuates between 1.5 and 2.0 volts during normal operation, corresponding to the transmission fluid’s temperature.
When the sensor circuit is open or signals an abnormally high voltage, the ECM interprets this as a fault, setting the code 59. This often indicates that the transmission fluid is extremely cold (below -33°C or -27°F) for over a second, or that there is an electrical issue within the sensor circuit.
Understanding what this code implies helps in diagnosing whether the transmission fluid is overheating, too cold, or if there is an electrical malfunction in the sensor system.
Severity and Potential Risks of Code 59
The seriousness of code 59 depends on its underlying cause. If the transmission fluid sensor is functioning correctly but the transmission is overheating, immediate attention is necessary to prevent damage. Conversely, if the sensor itself is faulty, the transmission might operate normally, but the vehicle’s diagnostic system will report an error.
Ignoring this code can lead to serious consequences such as transmission slipping, overheating, or even complete failure. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and repair are highly recommended to ensure vehicle safety and longevity.
Common Causes of Chevrolet Spark Code 59
- Defective Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor: The sensor may have failed due to age, corrosion, or damage, sending incorrect signals.
- Electrical Wiring Issues: Damaged, frayed, or disconnected wiring harnesses can disrupt sensor signals.
- Low or Contaminated Transmission Fluid: Leaks or contamination can affect sensor readings and transmission operation.
- Transmission Control Module (TCM) or ECM Malfunction: Faulty control modules may misinterpret sensor data or cause circuit faults.
- Overheating or Excessive Wear in Transmission: Mechanical issues can influence sensor readings or cause circuit faults.
Recognizable Symptoms of Error Code 59
While some symptoms may be subtle, certain signs can indicate the presence of code 59:
- Erratic or Harsh Shifting: Abnormal gear changes or slipping during shifts.
- Illumination of the Check Engine Light: The dashboard warning light indicates an engine or transmission fault.
- Transmission Slippage or Delay: Delayed engagement or slipping gears during acceleration.
- Unusual Noises: Whining or grinding sounds from the transmission, especially during shifts.
- Unresponsive Transmission: The vehicle may enter limp mode to prevent further damage, limiting speed and gear options.
Effective Strategies to Diagnose and Resolve Code 59
Diagnosing the root cause of code 59 involves several systematic checks:
- Visual Inspection: Examine the transmission fluid level and condition. Look for leaks, contamination, or burnt smell.
- Sensor Testing: Use a multimeter to verify the transmission fluid temperature sensor’s resistance and voltage output.
- Electrical Wiring Check: Inspect wiring harnesses and connectors for corrosion, damage, or loose connections.
- ECM and TCM Diagnostics: Run comprehensive diagnostics with specialized tools to identify control module faults.
If the sensor or wiring is faulty, replacing or repairing these components can often resolve the issue. In cases where the transmission fluid is contaminated or low, draining, flushing, and refilling the transmission fluid may be necessary. For persistent problems, replacing the sensor or, in severe cases, the entire transmission system might be required.
Step-by-Step Guide to Replacing the Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor
Follow these steps carefully to replace the faulty sensor:
- Safely lift the vehicle and disconnect the battery to prevent electrical hazards.
- Locate the transmission fluid temperature sensor, typically mounted on the transmission housing.
- Disconnect the wiring connector attached to the sensor.
- Remove the sensor using appropriate tools, such as a socket wrench or pliers.
- Install the new sensor, ensuring it is properly seated and secured.
- Reconnect the wiring harness and lower the vehicle.
- Refill transmission fluid if necessary and reset the error codes using an OBD-II scanner.
- Test drive the vehicle to verify proper operation and confirm that the error does not reappear.
Cost Estimates for Fixing Error Code 59
The estimated expenses depend on whether you perform the repair yourself or seek professional assistance:
- Parts: A new transmission fluid temperature sensor typically costs between $12 and $44, depending on the brand and vehicle specifications.
- Labor: Professional installation by a certified technician can range from $50 to $143, including diagnostic fees.
- Total Cost: Combining parts and labor, expect a total expenditure of approximately $62 to $187.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is a transmission fluid temperature sensor?
The transmission fluid temperature sensor is a thermistor component that measures the temperature of the transmission fluid. It sends voltage signals to the engine control module (ECM) to optimize shifting and transmission performance based on fluid temperature.
What role does the transmission fluid temperature sensor play?
This sensor helps the vehicle determine the precise temperature of the transmission fluid, enabling the control system to adjust shift points, lock the torque converter, and prevent overheating, thereby ensuring smooth and safe transmission operation.
How long does a Chevy Spark typically last?
With proper maintenance, a Chevrolet Spark can reach a lifespan of up to 150,000 miles or approximately a decade. Regular service and timely repairs can significantly extend its operational life.
What is a common mistake when diagnosing code 59?
A frequent error is neglecting to inspect the transmission fluid level, condition, and wiring connections thoroughly. Overlooking these aspects can lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary component replacements.
Conclusion
In conclusion, encountering error code 59 on your Chevrolet Spark indicates an issue with the transmission fluid temperature sensor circuit. While it may seem daunting initially, systematic diagnosis and timely repairs can restore your vehicle’s optimal performance. Always consider seeking professional assistance if unsure about performing repairs yourself. Regular maintenance, such as fluid checks and sensor inspections, can help prevent recurrence of this fault. Remember, addressing the problem promptly minimizes the risk of extensive transmission damage and costly repairs.
For further information, consult trusted sources such as automotive repair guides and official vehicle manuals.